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Estimated reading time: 4 minutes
Plated Through-holes in Flexible Circuits
Figure 4: Carbon deposited on dielectric.The Shadow process ultimately leaves conductive carbon only where it is needed. The carbon-coated through-hole can now be electroplated as shown below:
Figure 5: Electroplated copper over carbon.
It is important to note that both the Shadow and electroless processes are only used to create the conductive bridge. Neither coating is robust enough to withstand environmental stress or conductive enough to carry significant current.
The Shadow Process vs. Electroless Copper
Some flexible circuit manufacturers are primarily using electroless copper and some are using conductive carbon. Each process has its benefits and drawbacks.
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All About Flex: FAQs on UL Listings for Flexible Circuits
All About Flex: Avoiding Trace Fracturing in a Flexible Circuit
Polyimide vs. Silicone for Flexible Heaters
All About Flex: Copper Thickness Requirements for Flex Circuits
All About Flex: Copper Grain Direction
All About Flex: Options for Purchasing Flexible Heaters