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A New Method for Quick and Precise Measurement of Quantum States
January 11, 2017 | Vienna University of TechnologyEstimated reading time: 3 minutes
Neutron interferometry – the method of choice
An experimental test of the new scheme in a neutron interferometric experiment was carried out by Sponar and his team. It is based on the wave nature of neutrons, which are massive nuclear constituents forming almost two thirds of our universe.
Nevertheless, if they are isolated from the atomic nucleus – for example in the fission process of a research reactor – they behave like waves. This phenomenon is usually referred to as wave-particle duality, which is explained in the framework of quantum mechanics.
Inside the interferometer, an incident beam is split into two separate beams (by a thin, perfect silicon crystal plate). The beams travel along different regions in space and at some point are brought together again and allowed to interfere.
The experiment was done at the neutron source at the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) in Grenoble, where the group of the Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics is in charge of a permanent beam port.
It is important to note, that the results are not limited to the quantum system formed by single neutrons but are in fact completely general. Therefore, they can be applied to many other quantum systems such as photons, trapped ions or superconducting qubits.
The results may have a big impact on how quantum state estimation is performed in the future and will foreseeably be exploited in the rapidly evolving technologies applied in quantum information science.
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