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Traditional electroless copper and electroless copper immersion gold have been primary PCB plating methods for decades. But alternative plating metals and processes have been introduced over the past few years as miniaturization and advanced packaging continue to develop.
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Substrates for Advanced PCB Technologies: What Will the Future Hold?
November 6, 2018 | Pete Starkey, I-Connect007Estimated reading time: 9 minutes
Francey used the example of a beam-switching Rotman Lens antenna to illustrate typical millimetre-wave PCB structures and discussed the defining features and critical tolerances that had to be satisfied within the PCB manufacturing technology. To summarise, he quoted the words of a microwave engineer: “When the frequency increases, everything has got to shrink. Manufacturing tolerances start to become a problem at about 20-30 GHz. Below that, you can pretty much design anything you want; the production will not fail. Above that, it is no exaggeration to say that everything is about manufacturing tolerances and producibility. Being a microwave designer is a completely different job at 77 GHz compared to one GHz.”
In his concluding comments, Francey observed that the laminate industry was meeting the needs for system miniaturisation, signal integrity, assembly, and reliability with thinner cores and engineered polymer composites to satisfy dielectric and thermomechanical requirements. Moreover, the PCB industry was reacting to the needs for higher packaging densities, signal integrity, and the use of PCB technology in IC packaging. However, he stressed that the convergence of future needs for circuit miniaturisation, feature tolerances, and feature-to-feature positional could only be achieved with additive technology, which would require a step change in PCB manufacturing capability and know-how.
I found this webinar enlightening and extremely interesting. I learned a lot from it, and I am grateful to IMAPS-UK for giving me the opportunity to attend. Piers Tremlett and Jim Francey should be congratulated for the quality and content of their presentations and thanked for generously sharing their knowledge and experience. Thanks also to Martin Wickham for acting as the anchorman, and to the ubiquitous Bob Willis for his professional management of the event.
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Unlocking Advanced Circuitry Through Liquid Metal Ink
10/31/2024 | I-Connect007 Editorial TeamPCB UHDI technologist John Johnson of American Standard Circuits discusses the evolving landscape of electronics manufacturing and the critical role of innovation, specifically liquid metal ink technology, as an alternate process to traditional metallization in PCB fabrication to achieve ever finer features and tighter tolerances. The discussion highlights the benefits of reliability, efficiency, and yields as a tradeoff to any increased cost to run the process. As this technology becomes better understood and accepted, even sought out by customers and designers, John says there is a move toward mainstream incorporation.
Fresh PCB Concepts: The Critical Nature of Copper Thickness on PCBs
10/31/2024 | Team NCAB -- Column: Fresh PCB ConceptsPCBs are the backbone of modern electronics and the copper layers within these boards serve as the primary pathways for electrical signals. When designing and manufacturing PCBs, copper thickness is one of the most critical factors and significantly affects the board’s performance and durability. The IPC-6012F specification, the industry standard for the performance and qualification of rigid PCBs, sets clear guidelines on copper thickness to ensure reliability in different environments and applications.
Book Excerpt: The Printed Circuit Designer’s Guide to... DFM Essentials, Ch. 1
10/25/2024 | I-Connect007The guidelines offered in this book are based on both ASC recommendations and IPC standards with the understanding that some may require adjustment based on the material set, fabricator processes, and other design constraints. This chapter details high-frequency materials, copper foil types, metal core PCBs, and the benefits of embedded capacitance and resistor materials in multilayer PCBs.
The Cost-Benefit Analysis of Direct Metallization
10/21/2024 | Carmichael Gugliotti, MacDermid AlphaCarmichael Gugliotti of MacDermid Alpha discusses the innovative realm of direct metallization technology, its numerous applications, and significant advantages over traditional processes. Carmichael offers an in-depth look at how direct metallization, through developments such as Blackhole and Shadow, is revolutionizing PCB manufacturing by enhancing efficiency, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. From its origins in the 1980s to its application in cutting-edge, high-density interconnects and its pivotal role in sustainability, this discussion sheds light on how direct metallization shapes the future of PCB manufacturing across various industries, including automotive, consumer electronics, and beyond.
Connect the Dots: Designing for Reality—Pattern Plating
10/16/2024 | Matt Stevenson -- Column: Connect the DotsIn the previous episode of I-Connect007’s On the Line with… podcast, we painted the picture of the outer layer imaging process. Now we are ready for pattern plating, where fabrication can get tricky. The board is now ready to receive the copper traces, pads, and other elements specified in the original CAD design. This article will lay out the pattern plating process and discuss constraints in the chemistries that must be properly managed to meet the customer's exacting manufacturing tolerances.