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Calculating PCB Complexity and First-pass Yields
December 3, 2024 | Happy Holden, I-Connect007Estimated reading time: Less than a minute

There are three things I know mathematically about PCB yields: Defects that produce low yields may be systemic and repeatable, while others may be random (but you can test for this); you can predict yields if you take the time to collect the data; and yields are such wonderful things, so we should write about them more.
Yields are the dividing phenomena that often decide whether we make a profit. They certainly control our efficiency and throughput. Most customers acknowledge high yields with competence, control, and capability for the fabricator. So, why don’t you read more about them? I think it’s because we have been very poorly schooled in statistics. Not boring statistics like the kind I had in college with endless equations and proofs, where only the professor seemed to care about the endless stream of numbers. I’m talking about statistics that are fun and revealing, and a tool that every engineer must embrace. These kinds of statistics allow the numbers (yields) to reveal certain truths.
To read this entire article, which appeared in the November 2024 issue of PCB007 Magazine, click here.
Suggested Items
The Chemical Connection: Reducing Defects in Circuit Board Production
06/04/2025 | Don Ball -- Column: The Chemical ConnectionWe all agree that in any manufacturing process, reducing defects in your product induced during manufacture (aka increasing yields) is a good thing. Doing so, however, can be a source of contention and frustration. I don’t pretend to be an expert in this field, because most of my work involves feasibility studies for new concepts or testing improvements made to existing equipment. High yields were usually not a factor; it’s simply about having enough data to prove or disprove a concept or seeing whether improvements to equipment design actually work. However, here are some observations I made visiting quality shops where high production at high yields was important.
Happy’s Tech Talk #35: Yields March to Design Rules
12/12/2024 | Happy Holden -- Column: Happy’s Tech TalkUltra high density interconnect (UHDI) has many forms, structures, and alternatives, so capturing all the variations and reducing them to design rules has required some departures from traditional IPC design standards. In this column, I’ll be discussing the IPC UHDI design guidelines and standards. The fundamental question is: “Do you need HDI or microvias?”
Strip Etch Strip: Episode 9 of On the Line With... Designing for Reality Podcast Now Available
07/25/2024 | I-Connect007Don't miss the latest episode of "On the Line With... Designing for Reality," where we walk through the PCB manufacturing process. At this stage, we have a panel made up of all the internal layers laminated together, through-holes drilled, and the outer layer copper features covered with a protective layer of tin.
DIS: Thriving With New Processes and Technologies
07/23/2024 | Barry Matties, I-Connect007What does it take to really thrive in today’s business environment? Will it require big changes, or can you make small, incremental improvements? Jesse Ziomek, global sales director and product manager at DIS, Inc., a company that designs and manufactures automation equipment, focuses on strategies for thriving in the PCB industry by emphasizing cost reduction through smart robotic solutions and addressing bottlenecks to optimize yields.
All Flex Solutions Installs New Inner Layer Factory
12/05/2023 | All Flex SolutionsAll Flex Solutions has purchased and installed a new inner layer factory in their Rigid Flex Center of Excellence located in Minneapolis. This continues their investments in plants and technology to support customers’ needs for capability, speed and increased yield.