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TrendForce’s latest research highlights that semi-solid state batteries—an emerging battery technology combining the advantages of traditional liquid electrolyte batteries and solid-state batteries—entered trial production before 2020. However, high production costs and limited technological maturity have led the adoption rate of semi-solid state batteries in EVs to fall below initial market expectations.
Looking ahead, TrendForce predicts that global automakers will gradually expand the use of semi-solid state batteries in their EV models, driving the market penetration of this technology to surpass 1% by 2027.
In 2022, Chinese automakers took the lead in integrating semi-solid state batteries into EVs. Leading battery manufacturers, including Ganfeng Lithium, Farasis Energy, and WeLion New Energy, have developed this technology and achieved GWh-level mass production in recent years.
TrendForce’s data points out that global usage of semi-solid state batteries in EVs remained below 2 GWh in 2024, representing a penetration rate of less than 0.5%. While several EV models equipped with semi-solid state batteries have already been introduced in the Chinese market—IM L6, NIO ET7, Seres 5, DongFeng Aeolus E70, and Voyah Passion—consumer acceptance remains limited.
Furthermore, no mass-produced EV models featuring semi-solid state batteries have been launched outside of China. TrendForce anticipates that a broader range of global semi-solid state battery-equipped EVs will begin entering the market after 2025.
Compared to all solid-state batteries, which face significant technical challenges to achieve large-scale production, semi-solid state batteries are closer to commercialization. These batteries leverage semi-solid electrolytes while retaining a small proportion of liquid electrolytes, allowing them to incorporate high-energy density active materials that enable longer driving ranges for EVs.
However, semi-solid state batteries still lag behind traditional liquid electrolyte batteries in key areas such as cost, charge/discharge efficiency, and cycle life. Further advancements in cost reduction and performance optimization will be critical for widespread adoption.
