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Fujitsu Develops AI Technology to Quickly Solve Urban Security Positioning Problems
May 9, 2016 | FujitsuEstimated reading time: 5 minutes
About the Technology
Fujitsu Laboratories has now developed technology to solve this problem of city-scale road network security-one security game problem-that can rapidly formulate security plans for large scale road networks. In addition, together with the University of Electro-Communications, it has provided theoretical support for this technology.
Key features of the technology are as follows.
1. Network contraction technology
Fujitsu Laboratories has now developed a "contraction" technology that greatly simplifies a network by using calculations in line with candidate checkpoint positions. A road network has locations where a checkpoint would have high security effectiveness(1), and other locations where it would be low. Given this, it is possible to reduce, or "contract," the number of movement patterns on the security side by eliminating from candidate locations those with low security effectiveness. In addition, by combining locations in the road network where security personnel are not deployed, it is also possible to greatly reduce the number of movement patterns on the criminal's side (Figure 1). The University of Electro-Communications and Fujitsu Laboratories have jointly demonstrated that with this technology the security effectiveness of optimal plans developed on the post-contraction road network is theoretically identical to that of optimal plans made on the pre-contraction road network. This successfully enabled great reductions in processing volume.
2. High speed, high accuracy algorithm
The newly developed algorithm first selects from checkpoint placement candidates based on the nodes with the highest likelihood of sustaining damage from criminal activity, and then rapidly calculates the optimal arrangement of checkpoint locations and the density of checkpoints in an area based on minimizing the total expected damage value using the network contraction technology. By then focusing on nodes whose expected damage values have now significantly increased and adding roads that are checkpoint placement candidates, it can calculate the optimal combination in the same way. By repeating this process, approximately optimal solutions can be quickly calculated. In a simulation using a mock network of 30,000 roads, Fujitsu Laboratories and the University of Electro-Communications were able to confirm that this algorithm was able to find the optimal solution, where no other solution had higher security effectiveness, for over 99% of problem scenarios.
Effects
Compared with existing methods, this technology is able to find the optimal security plan at speeds that are 20 times faster, on average, with 100 nodes, and 500 times faster, on average, with 200 nodes. Even in cases of road networks on the 100,000 node scale, for which existing methods might find a solution in a few days, with this technology a solution can be found in minutes. In a simulation deploying checkpoints at 50 locations in the 200,000 node road network that includes Tokyo's 23 wards, an ordinary PC was able to successfully generate a security plan in five minutes.
Future Plans
Fujitsu Laboratories will work on bringing into practical implementation the formulation of security plans using mathematics technology. In addition, it will expand the areas in which this security plan formulation technology can be applied. Fujitsu Laboratories aims to commercialize these technologies as part of Zinrai, during fiscal 2017. The University of Electro-Communications plans to proceed with the expansion of this technology beyond city-scale road networks.
(1) Security effectiveness
Effectiveness in reducing the expected value of damage from an attack.
About Fujitsu Ltd
Fujitsu is the leading Japanese information and communication technology (ICT) company, offering a full range of technology products, solutions, and services. Approximately 159,000 Fujitsu people support customers in more than 100 countries. We use our experience and the power of ICT to shape the future of society with our customers. Fujitsu Limited (TSE:6702; ADR:FJTSY) reported consolidated revenues of 4.8 trillion yen (US$40 billion) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015.Page 2 of 2
Fujitsu Laboratories has now developed technology to solve this problem of city-scale road network security-one security game problem-that can rapidly formulate security plans for large scale road networks. In addition, together with the University of Electro-Communications, it has provided theoretical support for this technology.
Key features of the technology are as follows.
1. Network contraction technology
Fujitsu Laboratories has now developed a "contraction" technology that greatly simplifies a network by using calculations in line with candidate checkpoint positions. A road network has locations where a checkpoint would have high security effectiveness(1), and other locations where it would be low. Given this, it is possible to reduce, or "contract," the number of movement patterns on the security side by eliminating from candidate locations those with low security effectiveness. In addition, by combining locations in the road network where security personnel are not deployed, it is also possible to greatly reduce the number of movement patterns on the criminal's side (Figure 1). The University of Electro-Communications and Fujitsu Laboratories have jointly demonstrated that with this technology the security effectiveness of optimal plans developed on the post-contraction road network is theoretically identical to that of optimal plans made on the pre-contraction road network. This successfully enabled great reductions in processing volume.
2. High speed, high accuracy algorithm
The newly developed algorithm first selects from checkpoint placement candidates based on the nodes with the highest likelihood of sustaining damage from criminal activity, and then rapidly calculates the optimal arrangement of checkpoint locations and the density of checkpoints in an area based on minimizing the total expected damage value using the network contraction technology. By then focusing on nodes whose expected damage values have now significantly increased and adding roads that are checkpoint placement candidates, it can calculate the optimal combination in the same way. By repeating this process, approximately optimal solutions can be quickly calculated. In a simulation using a mock network of 30,000 roads, Fujitsu Laboratories and the University of Electro-Communications were able to confirm that this algorithm was able to find the optimal solution, where no other solution had higher security effectiveness, for over 99% of problem scenarios.
Effects
Compared with existing methods, this technology is able to find the optimal security plan at speeds that are 20 times faster, on average, with 100 nodes, and 500 times faster, on average, with 200 nodes. Even in cases of road networks on the 100,000 node scale, for which existing methods might find a solution in a few days, with this technology a solution can be found in minutes. In a simulation deploying checkpoints at 50 locations in the 200,000 node road network that includes Tokyo's 23 wards, an ordinary PC was able to successfully generate a security plan in five minutes.
Future Plans
Fujitsu Laboratories will work on bringing into practical implementation the formulation of security plans using mathematics technology. In addition, it will expand the areas in which this security plan formulation technology can be applied. Fujitsu Laboratories aims to commercialize these technologies as part of Zinrai, during fiscal 2017. The University of Electro-Communications plans to proceed with the expansion of this technology beyond city-scale road networks.
(1) Security effectiveness
Effectiveness in reducing the expected value of damage from an attack.
About Fujitsu Ltd
Fujitsu is the leading Japanese information and communication technology (ICT) company, offering a full range of technology products, solutions, and services. Approximately 159,000 Fujitsu people support customers in more than 100 countries. We use our experience and the power of ICT to shape the future of society with our customers. Fujitsu Limited (TSE:6702; ADR:FJTSY) reported consolidated revenues of 4.8 trillion yen (US$40 billion) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015.Page 2 of 2
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