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Beyond the Rulebook
What happens when the rule book is no longer useful, or worse, was never written in the first place? In today’s fast-moving electronics landscape, we’re increasingly asked to design and build what has no precedent, no proven path, and no tidy checklist to follow. This is where “Design for Invention” begins.
March Madness
From the growing role of AI in design tools to the challenge of managing cumulative tolerances, these articles in this issue examine the technical details, design choices, and manufacturing considerations that determine whether a board works as intended.
Looking Forward to APEX EXPO 2026
I-Connect007 Magazine previews APEX EXPO 2026, covering everything from the show floor to the technical conference. For PCB designers, we move past the dreaded auto-router and spotlight AI design tools that actually matter.
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Will U.S. Economy Slip into Recession Second Half of 2023?
June 30, 2023 | IPCEstimated reading time: 1 minute
Per IPC’s June 2023 Economic Outlook report, the U.S. economy has remained resilient through the first half of the year, despite significant headwinds from stubbornly high inflation, aggressive interest rates hikes and a number of high-profile bank failures.
According to Shawn DuBravac, IPC’s chief economist, “This resiliency probably will not last. The second half will prove more difficult, and we expect the economy to slip into recession. The New York Fed’s recession probability model is currently showing a 70 percent chance that the economy experiences a recession within the next 12 months. The current consensus calls for a minor, short-lived recession in the second half of 2023. While a U.S. recession appears imminent, it is hard to know with certainty that it will be short-lived.”
Downward revisions in Europe pushed the economy down 0.1 percent in Q1. This follows a decline in Q4 of last year suggesting Europe did in fact slip into recession in the first half of the year. Many countries in Europe are still experiencing record levels of inflation. Hungary’s inflation rate is running at 21.9 percent while Estonia has seen prices rise 11.2 percent over the last year and prices in Lithuania are up 10.7 percent over the same time period. While these are down from earlier peaks, they remain high.
Additional data in the June 2023 IPC Economic Outlook show:
- The U.S. labor market remains strong but might be showing some cracks. While workers are receiving higher wages, up 4.3 percent over the last year, consumer prices are up 4.9 percent over the same time. Wage gains are being lost to inflation.
- U.S. industrial production fell 0.2 percent in April, though revisions to prior months offset the decline. The manufacturing sector rose 0.1 percent during the month.
- The European economy fell during the first quarter of the year, edging down 0.1 percent in the euro area, but rising 0.1 percent in the EU. The economy is up 1.0 percent in both the Euro area and the EU compared to the first quarter of last year.
- In EU end markets for electronics, manufacturing output appears to have risen in April, up 3.7 percent from the prior month and 1.3 percent from the year-ago period.
View June 2023 IPC Economic Outlook. For more information on IPC’s industry intelligence program including current research and reports, visit www.ipc.org/advocacy/industry-intelligence.
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Fresh PCB Concepts: Designing PCBs for Harsh Environments—Reliability Is Engineered Upstream
04/23/2026 | Team NCAB -- Column: Fresh PCB ConceptsWhen engineers hear the phrase “harsh environment,” they usually think of the extreme temperature swings, vibration and shock, pressure changes, or radiation in aerospace. However, aerospace is not the only harsh environment where electronic assemblies must survive. Automotive power electronics, downhole oil and gas tools, marine controls, rail systems, defense platforms, and industrial automation equipment all expose PCBs to environments that are equally unforgiving. The stress mechanisms may differ, but the physics does not.
The Right Approach: The End of an Era—DoD Proposes MIL-PRF-31032 Cancellation
04/21/2026 | Steve Williams -- Column: The Right ApproachThe Defense Logistics Agency has initiated formal proceedings to cancel the military's primary performance specification for printed circuit boards, a move that could reshape how the U.S. defense industrial base qualifies and sources one of its most critical electronic components. On March 4, 2026, DLA Weapons Support issued a memorandum to military and industry coordination activities announcing that MIL-PRF-31032, along with its six associated specification sheets, has been proposed for cancellation. A 30-day comment period was allotted, with concurrence or comments due by April 3, 2026.
IPC CFX Demo Line Debuts in Korea at EMK 2026
04/10/2026 | Global Electronics AssociationAt Electronics Manufacturing Korea (EMK) x NEPCON Korea 2026, the Global Electronics Association, in collaboration with 13 companies, showcased the IPC CFX Demo Line (Connected Factory Exchange demonstration line), marking its debut in Korea.
IPC-7712 Development Advances at APEX EXPO: Committee Aligns on Scope, Structure, and Industry Priorities
04/10/2026 | Circuit Technology Center, Inc.Significant progress was made in developing the proposed standard IPC-7712, Component Safe Removal for Failure Analysis and Reclamation, during in-person meetings held at APEX EXPO, March 16 to 18.
2026 IPC Masters Competition China Wraps Up With Record Participation
04/07/2026 | Blair Yan, Global Electronics Association East AsiaThe three-day 2026 IPC Masters Competition concluded March 27 at productronica China in Shanghai, bringing together the largest and most highly skilled group of electronics assembly professionals in the event’s 16-year history. With 623 participants from 77 companies across China—up 30% from last year—the competition reflected a growing focus on the practical application of electronics manufacturing standards.