The Shaughnessy Report: Winning the Signal Integrity Battle
Connect the Dots: How to Avoid Five Common Causes of Board Failure
Fresh PCB Concepts: Designing for Success at the Rigid-flex Transition Area 
Estimated reading time: Less than a minute
Beyond Design: Electromagnetic Fields, Part 2
In my last column, Electromagnetic Fields: Part 1, we looked at how magnetic fields revolve around the earth and how these fields are also present in a multilayer board. In Part 2, we will look at how electromagnetic fields influence transmission lines and how they can be applied in a BEM field solver.
Maxwell’s Equations describe the relationship between electric and magnetic fields. These equations describe the field strength and current density within a closed-loop environment. They require extensive knowledge of higher-order calculus, so I will not bore you (or me) with further details. However, much insight into high-speed design can be gained by understanding the behavior of transmission lines and their associated electromagnetic fields.
Editor's Note: This column originally appeared in the April 2013 issue of The PCB Design Magazine.
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