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This effect has been demonstrated in two different ways at TU Wien: In the first approach, about 30 atoms were placed along the glass fibre. Upon sending in light, a high transmission of almost 80% was measured for one propagation direction while it was ten times less in the other direction. In the second approach, only a single rubidium atom was used. In this case, the light was temporarily stored in an optical microresonator, so that it could interact with the atom for a relatively long time. This way, similar control over the transmission could be achieved.
“When we only use one single atom, we have a much more subtle control over the process”, says Rauschenbeutel. “One can prepare the atom in a quantum superposition of the two possible states, so that it blocks the light and lets it pass at the same time.” According to classical physics, this would be impossible, but quantum physics allows such combinations. This would open the door to new, exciting possibilities for optical processing of quantum information.
Nanoscale One-Way-Street for Light
| Technische Universität WienEstimated reading time: 3 minutes
The Atomic State as a Quantum Switch
